[논문 Tip] 표절유형에 대한 논문 작성 시 주의해야 할 고려사항

 Types of plagiarism and How to use references

표절의 유형들을 통하여 논문 작성 시 주의해야 할 고려사항들을 다룬다.

 

 Plagiarism - 표절

[선행학습] 표절이란 무엇인가?

 

 · Plagiarism - 표절

◆ Terms like "copying" and "browwing" can disguise the seriousness of the Plagiarism

→ 많은 사람들이 표절이란 다른 사람들의 작품을 "복사"한다던지, 다른 사람들의 독창적인 아이디어를 "빌린다"라고 생각한다. 그러나 "복사"나 "빌린다"라는 표현 자체가 표절의 심각성과 위해성을 희석시킬 수 있는 위험한 생각이다.

 

◆ The word "plagiarize" means - "표절" 단어 의미

 • To steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own

 → 자신의 것으로 다른 사람의 아이디어나 말을 훔치고 전파시키는 것

 • To use (another's production) without crediting the source

 → 출처를 밝히지 않고 다른 사람의 생산물을 사용하는 것

 • To commit literary theft

 → 문학적 도둑질

 • To present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source

 → 기존 소스에서 파생된 아이디어나 제품을 마치 완전히 새롭고 자신만의 독창적인 것으로 제시하는 것

 

◆ Plagiarism is an act of fraud, which involves both stealing someone else's work and lying about it afterward.

→ 표절은 사기행위이다. 다른 사람의 것을 훔치고, 나중에는 그것 때문에 거짓말을 하는 것도 포함한다.

 

◆ Most cases of plagiarism can be avoided, however, by citing sources. Simply acknowledging that certain material has been borrowed and providing your audience or reader with the information necessary to find that source is usually enough to prevent plagiarism.

→ 대부분의 경우 출처를 인용함으로써, 범죄를 피할 수 있다.

 

 Types of Plagiarism - 표절의 유형

iThenticate 에서 정의하는 10가지 표절 행위에 대해서 알아본다.

 

 · Types of Plagiarism - 표절의 유형

 1) Types of Plagiarism, Secondary Source - 2차 자료 표절

 · When evaluating previous inquiries into a subject, a researcher comes across a relevant meta study and paraphrases from it heavily. However, while he/she cites the criginal sources of the studies, the meta study that the information actually came from is absent.

 2) Types of Plagiarism, Invalid Source - 인용정보오류 및 부정확

 · A researcher, unable to find a quality source for a statement he/she wants to make, either creates a source or misconstrues the meaning or context of a real source.

 3) Types of Plagiarism, Duplication - 복사 행위

 · A researcher inserts sections of text from an earlier published manuscript in a new manuscript that he/she will be submitting to a different publisher, without citing the earlier work.

 4) Types of Plagiarism, Paraphrasing - 재해석

 · A researcher incorporates ideas or data from another researcher's study, but rewrites the information in his/her words without providing proper citation.

 5) Types of Plagiarism, Repetitive Research - 반복 연구

 · A researcher decides to conduct a new study similar to one already conducted by a different researcher. Many of the results overlap, so the researcher conducting the new study reuses sections and data from the previous study without attribution.

 6) Types of Plagiarism, Replication - 중복 투고

 · A scientist submits a manuscript to five journals located in several different countries. Once he/she receives an acceptance notice by one of the journals, he/she does not immediately notify the other four journals, resulting in the manuscript being published in two journals.

 7) Types of Plagiarism, Misleading Attribution - 저자 정보 표기 오류

 · Despite the fact a scientist made significant contributions to a paper, a team of researchers feels there is a conflict of interest and agrees to remove the scientist's name from the author list so as to not hinder the study's chance at publication.

 8) Types of Plagiarism, Unethical Collaboration - 연구자 공모

 · A researcher collaborates with two other researchers on a study and submits a manuscript that is represented as the researcher's own work, without recognizing the contributions from the others who collaborated on the study.

 9) Types of Plagiarism, Verbatim - 인용없이 복사

 · A researcher copies and pastes a block of text from someone else's work into a paper without providing proper citation, including quotation marks.

 Types of Plagiarism, Complete - 완전한 표절

 · A researcher copies and submits, under his or her name, the entirety of a previous paper published by someone else.

 

 How to use references with proper citations - 적절한 인용 방법

APA 스타일과 ISO-690 스타일의 인용 방법에 대해서 알아본다.

 

 1) APA Style (\(7^th\) Ed.), Using In-text Citation

◆ Include an in-text citation when you refer to, summarize, paraphrase, or quote from another source. For every in-text citation in your paper, there must be a corresponding entry in your reference list.

. Uses the author's last name and the year of publication, for example: (Field, 2005).

. For direct quotations, include the page number as well, for example: (Field, 2005, p. 14).

. For sources such as websites and e-books that have no page numbers, use a paragraph number, for example: (Field, 2005, para. 1).

 

◆ For direct quotations, includes the author's names, year, and page number in parentheses at the end

 

◆ In case of more than 40 words, display the quote as an indented block of text without quotation marks

 

 2) APA Style (\(7^th\) Ed.), Citing Web Pages

◆ For citing an entire website, it is not necessary to include a citation in your reference list. Simply include the title and address within the text

 

◆ When citing specific information from individual web pages, use author, date of publication, title of web page (in italic), and URL (web address) in citation

 

 3) APA Style (\(7^th\) Ed.), Citing Articles

◆ Use author, date of publication, title of article, title of publication (in italics), volume number (in italics), and issue number, page numbers of article in citation

 

 4) APA Style (\(7^th\) Ed.), Citing Books

◆ Use author, date of publication, title (in italics), publisher

 

 5) ISO-690 Style, Using In-text Citation

◆ It is numeric. Place number in parentheses with right after the quote or reference to the source.

 

 6) ISO-690 Style, Citing Web Page

◆ Entire Web site

. Author/s. Title [online]. Edition. Place: Pubisher, date. ISBN. [viewed date]. Available from: <URL>

  Ex) IMO. International Maritime Organization [online]. London: IMO, 2019. [viewed date: 12 April 2018]. Available from: <http://www.imo.org>

◆ Web pages (documents)

. Author/s. Title of the source [online]. Edition or version. Place: Pubisher, date, volume, page numbers. Update date. ISBN. [viewed date]. Available from: <URL>

  Ex) EL desarrollo del acceso abierto a la informacion cientifica y a la investigacion. Directrices para politicas de desarrollo y promocion del accesso abierto [online]. Paris: Unesco, cop. 2013. p. 13-18. ISBN 9789591809285 [viewed date: 4 desembre 2013]. Available from: <http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0022/002225/222536S.pdf>

 7) ISO-690 Style, Citing Journal Articles

◆ Journal articles

. Author/s of article. Article title. Journal title. Place: Pubisher, date, volume(number), pages.

  Ex) Mahmood, K. The best library software for developing countries: more than 30 plus points of Micro CDS/ISIS. Library software review. Wesport: Meckler, 1997, 16(1), 12-16.

◆ Journal articles (on line)

. Author/s of article. Article title. Journal title. [online]. Place: Pubisher, date, volume(number), pages. [viewed date]. Available from: <URL>

  Ex) Nimbalkar, M. The fantastic four: a plug 'n' play set of optimal control pulses for enhancing NMR spectroscopy. Journal of magnetic resonance [online]. Orlando: Academic Press, 2013. 127(2), 199-205 [viewed date: 19 April 2013]. Available from: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2012.12.007>

 

 8) ISO-690 Style, Citing Books

◆ Books

. Author/s. Title. Edition. Place: Pubisher, date, ISBN.

  Ex) Bohigas Janoher, X. Electromagnetisme: tests resolts i comentats. Barcelona: Edicions UPC, 1999. ISBN 84- 8301-279-0.

◆ Books (on line)

. Author/s. Title [online]. Edition. Place: Pubisher, date, Date of update. ISBN. [viewed date]. Available from: <URL>

  Ex) Association of College & Research Libraries. Standards for libraries in higher education [online]. Chicago: ACRL, 2011 [viewed date: 11 March 2015]. Available from: <http://www.ala.org/acrl/standards/standardslibraries>

 

 

 

[References]

◆ http://www.plagiarism.org/

◆ Center for Research Ethics Information(CRE), https://www.cre.or.kr/

. CARD NEWS, The dangerous lies of Thomas Midgley Jr.

◆ iThenticate, http://www.ithenticate.com/

◆ Cite This for Me, https://www.citethisforme.com/

◆ Penn State University Library(2020), "APA Quick Citation Guide"